Backpackers' motivation and return intention to selected ecotourism sites in the Province of Iloilo

Abstract

This study explores the motivations and return intentions of backpackers visiting ecotourism destinations in Iloilo, Philippines, an increasingly popular destination for eco-conscious travelers. Ecotourism, characterized by the appreciation of nature and sustainable travel practices, has become a growing trend among backpackers who seek authentic, environmentally responsible experiences. The research showed that backpackers were overall highly motivated to visit the chosen sites, and middle-aged persons aged 40–59 years were the most motivated, particularly those traveling in groups or as couples. Motivational factors were primarily driven by an appreciation for the environment, with nature and mental health benefits ranking highest, while cultural exploration was relatively less emphasized. With respect to return intentions, middle-aged adults and those in groups or couples were more likely to express a strong desire to return, with quality service, site cleanliness, emotional attachment, and safety being key determinants. Interestingly, financial concerns and seasonal factors played little role in return decisions. It was noticed that, based on age and sex, significant differences existed in motivation and return intentions: men and middle-aged people exhibited more motivation and return intention. A highly positive correlation was seen between motivation and return intention, pointing out the need to continue providing high-quality services with emotional connections to attract people to return again and again. This leads to important conclusions on the improvements needed in Iloilo's sustainable tourism strategies.