Assessment of the blood chemistry and hematological effectiveness of garlic (Allium sativum) tea on Mycoplasma gallisepticum inoculated native chicken

Abstract

<i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> (Mg) is a major poultry pathogen that causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry. The study was conducted to examine the effects of garlic <i>(Allium sativum),</i> Betel Nut, and Asiatic Bitter Yam on the blood biochemical and hematological components of infected hens. The results of the study showed that garlic tea had significant antibacterial activity both <i>In Vitro</i> (in a laboratory setting) and <i>In Vivo</i> (in live animals). The garlic tea was effective in inhibiting the growth and reduce the infection rate and severity, indicating their potential as a natural alternative for controlling this pathogen. Moreover, the results showed that the mean level concentration of albumin, aspartate transaminase (AST), glucose, cholesterol, uric acid, and alanine transaminase (ALT) of nine native chickens increased its level concentration with a 0.994 mg/dL into 0.210 mg/dL, 38.064 into 25.990 µ/L, 156.617into 58.631 µg/L, 1.140 into 0.760 µg/L, 0.066 into 0.021mg/dL, 59.983 into 53.886 µg/L, respectively. The hematological parameters showed that WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, and MCV decreased in the blood, whereas the LYM, MCH, and MCHC increased. White blood cells showed the highest decrease, from 224.700 x109 to 173.689 x109 per liter. On the other hand, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration showed the highest increase, increasing from 34.111 to 173.689 g/dL. These findings suggest that the use of garlic tea to control the presence of <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> in native chicken could have a significant impact on the biochemical and hematological components of the blood.