A comparative study of hematological profiles and Mycoplasma gallisepticum prevalence in Philippine native chickens raised using CPU technology and backyard free-range methods

Abstract

Philippine Native chickens are typically raised using a free-range system in backyards. The management style is characterized by its low-input, low-output nature. To address the growing demand for native chicken, production is intensified through the strategic use of available feed resources, occasionally supplemented with commercial feed additives. Native chickens exhibit notable disease resistance and adaptability to local climatic conditions, making them more favored by local communities. However, these free-ranging habits expose them to diseases and nutritional deficiencies. In response to the identified challenges, Central Philippine University developed a technology package for raising native chickens. This innovative approach features confined housing and employs antibiotic-free feeding management and phytomedicines. This technology was evaluated, focusing on the hematological profiles and the prevalence of <i/>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> in native chickens. The findings revealed that 73% of the sample population of backyard chickens tested positive for <i>M. gallisepticum</i> infection, whereas chickens raised under CPU technology exhibited only a 6% positive rate. Hematological and antibody test results corroborated these findings, allowing for practical disease evaluation. Notably, the free-range chickens displayed elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values compared to standard reference ranges. Hence, this technological application significantly reduced the incidence of <i>M. gallisepticum</i> in native chickens, addressing a respiratory disease that leads to an alteration in erythrocyte size.