Antibacterial property of lemon (Citrus limon) essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus in Philippine native chicken

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium that can cause dermatitis, arthritis, osteomyelitis, synovitis, tenosynovitis, femoral head necrosis, and omphalitis in poultry animals. It is the most common cause of bumblefoot in chickens. Lemon is rich in substances such as flavonoids and phenolic acids that are responsible for inhibiting bacterial growth. The study was conducted to assess the minimum inhibitory concentration and zone of inhibition; and evaluation of the concentration of Lemon oil according to potency. This research involved a total of 30 Petri plates, 100pl Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, 500pl tylosin at higher dose, 250pl tylosin at lower dose, 500pl VCO, 500pl distilled water. The concentrations were laid out using a complete randomized design (CRD) and two-factor (CRD). The LEO assessed through MIC after 24 hours of post-exposure revealed that 100% LEO concentration has the highest mean percentage (77.50%). In addition, treatments 85% to 100% LEO concentration had a wider ZOI. Furthermore, the results show that the antibacterial potency of Lemon (Citrus limon) against Staphylococcus aureus is 73.27%, which means that the antibacterial property of LEO is potent, based on standard potency of 60 to 150 percent. Thus, LEO can act as an alternative in controlling Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Philippine Native Chicken.