https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/946 Sun, 05 Apr 2026 16:10:09 GMT 2026-04-05T16:10:09Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/1452 Laboratory manual development for construction materials and testing, 2nd edition Gepulango, Gerardo G. Background Experimentation and testing plays an important role in the developing new materials and devices and in controlling the quality of materials for use in design and construction. In the educational process they also serve, through direct involvement of the student, to give substance to theoretical concepts and to provide a means of augmenting insight gained from analytical studies. For these reasons, students of engineering, architecture, and other fields associated with design activities or resource utilization can benefit from experiences in obtaining the first-hand information about materials and processes. This manual has been prepared for the purpose of standardizing the department’s sampling and testing procedures and to provide assurance that the materials and workmanship incorporated in each construction project are in reasonably close conformity with the requirements of plans and specifications. This is not designed as a field manual but is intended to be used in Construction Material and Testing laboratory and other offices for guidance, reference. This manual describes the test procedures that are currently use in Construction Material and Testing laboratory. The second edition of this manual has been reorganized. To achieve simplicity and straightforwardness without compromising content, each exercise incorporates a discussion of theory, principles and calculations in addition to detailed, step-by-step procedure. Tabulated worksheets and space for computations are also provided to simplify and facilitate data recording and analysis. A new ASTM, AASHTO and ACI specification has been introduced to supersede the previous specifications of the same agencies. Conceived, designed and developed for Central Philippine University civil engineering students, specifically those enrolled in the course Construction Material and Testing under the semestral system, this manual presents different exercises, each embodying a standard procedure for testing specific material. The laboratory testing has been arranged so that each test may be performed well within a three-hour period. The use of fabricated equipment, substitutes, and innovations is strongly recommended in the Construction Materials and Testing laboratory. This recommendation is being made in order to meet the minimum standards recommended by the Technical Panel for Engineering, Technology and Architecture (TPETA) for Material Testing Laboratory. The use of fabricated equipment will also help reduce the total cost of obtaining the equipment. In a similar manner of compliance, the material-testing procedures presented herein adhere to established international and local standards. Objectives of the Study The objectives of this laboratory manual includes the following: 1. To familiarize students with the mechanical properties of engineering materials. 2. To develop skill in methods of observation. 3. To develop knowledge of basic and accepted method testing procedures. 4. To learn writing and communication skills, including Internet use. 5. To learn critically evaluate laboratory procedures in the resulting data, including data manipulation on computers. 6. To learn to work in teams. Thesis introduction Sat, 01 Jan 2005 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/1452 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/970 Design, construction and testing of a low-powered FM transmitter training module for the Electronics and Communications Engineering laboratory Nava, Babylou G. This study aimed to impart further understanding of students and individuals by enhancing their skills in application of the basic principle and operation of Frequency Modulation (FM) with the actual set-up of the FM transmitter system. The training module is comprised of five building blocks: the power supply, the FM modulator, RF Amplifier, SWR meter and the antenna/dummy load assembled in a panel box or module with terminal connectors for easy installation and experimentation. Each component block meets the following requirements: power supply output voltage of28 VDC and 15 VDC; the FM modulator circuit output frequency set to 104.5 MHz; the transmitter unit with maximum power of20-W and an SWR reading at 1.0 to 1.5. The components were evaluated and gave the following results: power supply is working normally with an output voltage that ranges from 30.5 VDC and 15.2 VDC, FM modulator circuit providing an output frequency of 104.5 MHz with the FM transmitter unit providing an output power of 18.2 W and SWR reading of 1.3. It can be concluded that all components and features of the trainer were tested and gave satisfactory results purposely to be used in the Electronics and Communications Engineering Laboratory Abstract only Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/970 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/955 The effect of rewiring the electrical power distribution system on the output voltages and maintenance at Central Philippine University Idemne, Vitini Edhard O. This study aimed to assess the effects of rewiring the Electrical Power Distribution System on output voltages and maintenance of electrical devices at CPU campus. Specifically it determined and compared the output voltages in the various buildings at CPU before and after the re-wiring done in January 2004 - March 2005. It also determined the maintenance problems experienced due to increasing demand for power and the overloaded system, and the strategies employed to address them. It determined the time gap between the occurrence of power failure and the switchover of supply from the CPU Power Plant, or resumption of PECO supply. The study compared also the present capability of the new power plant against CPU’s energy consumption through weekly and monthly load curves. In describing the distribution system before and after the rewiring the main difference between the previous and the present set-up are pointed out. The necessary information were collected through measurement of voltages before and after rewiring and conduct of Key Informant Interviews (KII). The findings revealed that seven (7) out of 24 major buildings in campus had average voltages below 220 volts before the rewiring while all the buildings had voltages of 220 - 231 volts thereafter. There were also frequent occurrences of damaged fluorescent lamps, burnt capacitors or windings of electric fans and motors, damaged air condition compressors and control circuits, damaged hard disks and data switches before the rewiring, while most of these troubles have not recurred or have been minimized after the rewiring. Consequently, the time spent by maintenance personnel in doing the same kind of job repeatedly has also been cut down and more job orders of other nature were attended to. Another significant finding was that the time gap between occurrences of power failure and the switchover of supply from the CPU Power Plant lasted from 30 minutes to at most eight hours before June 8, 2005 while beyond that date most of the change of power took about two to five (2-5) minutes only. Computation of power readings from the power plant showed the daily, weekly, and monthly load consumption of CPU. These indicated that there were instances in time when the power being consumed by the school was more than the generating capacity of the three generators on hand. The result of the study showed that the rewiring was an effective strategy in stabilizing the output voltages in the buildings throughout the campus. The stabilized output voltages minimized the damages to several kinds of equipment at CPU such as lights, fans, motors, computers and air conditions. Consequential to the change was the decrease in replacement of equipment/devices or its spare parts, as well as the reduction of man-hours spent repeatedly for the same kind of job. The new power plant with its present standby complement of three generator sets, being a component of the new distribution system, has also been able to reduce the time gap between the power interruption of the local utility and the supply of an emergency power, which seems almost adequate as of April 2007. . The average time gap of 2-5 minutes has enabled computer users (e.g. business office personnel, UCSC staff, faculty, students, etc.) to work uninterrupted because their uninterrupted power supply (UPS) could give them an extended working time of at least 15 minutes during brownouts, which is longer than the power interruption. Thus, it can be concluded that the rewiring of the electrical power distribution system at CPU was an effective strategy in stabilizing the output voltages on buildings throughout the campus, as well as helping minimize the troubles and costs in maintenance of electric equipment and devices. The new power plant with it three generating units which is a component of the new distribution system, has also been instrumental in reducing the time gap between the power interruption and the local utility company and the supply of emergency power which is almost adequate as of March 2007. However, should a PECO brownout occur during peak power demand, the load will be greater than the maximum output capacity (100%) of the generators. Moreover, it should also be noted that the recommended highest safe operating capacity of generators should only be 80% of its maximum capacity. Nonetheless considering all results as stated in the objectives, the rewiring of the electrical power distribution system at Central Philippine University was both needed and beneficial. Abstract only Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/955 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/953 Shredded post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET): An alternative reinforcement for clay soils Gerona, Grace C. Clay is one of the most abundant components of the earth’s surface. It exhibits considerable strength when air-dried. When wet, the presence of water may increase resistance by improving cohesion; however, the water also lubricates the clay particles and reduces its natural resistance to friction. This lubrication effect generally results to low shear strength of clay soils. Several techniques have been explored to increase their shear strength, and one of these is the use of randomly-mixed synthetic fiber reinforcement. This study utilized shredded post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as soil reinforcement for sandy lean clay and fat clay soils. It was undertaken to evaluate the effect of randomly-mixed shredded post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) reinforcement on the undrained shear strength of sandy lean clay and fat clay. Unconfined compression tests were performed on these soils with shredded PET inclusions at 0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.0% by dry weight of the soil. For sandy lean clay (CL), results have shown that as PET content is increased, the undrained shear strength significantly increases. It was also found out that there are significant increases in the undrained shear strength of sandy lean clay with 0.75% and 1.0% PET reinforcement. However, the maximum undrained shear strength for sandy lean clay was attained at 1.0% PET content. For fat clay (CH), there is a significant relationship between PET content and undrained shear strength of fat clay soil for PET content up to 0.75% by weight only. It was also found out that a significant increase in the undrained shear strengths was attained at 0.75% PET content. Furthermore, the maximum undrained shear strength was achieved at 0.75% PET content. Abstract only Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/953 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z