Master of Engineering major in Chemical Engineering
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/137
2024-03-28T17:25:06ZStudy on the impact of treated distillery wastewater on aquatic environment
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/1577
Study on the impact of treated distillery wastewater on aquatic environment
Benitez, Susan C.
Rationale/Introduction of the study:
Distillery is an industrial plant that produces high strength wastewater. With the increasing awareness for environmental concerns, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) mandated all industries to put-up (multi-million) wastewater treatment facilities to abate or alleviate the environmental impact of its discharged wastewater.
Asian Alcohol Corporation (AAC) in Pulupandan, Negros Occidental is a distillery plant that produces Ethyl Alcohol from molasses for beverage, food and pharmaceutical. With molasses as its raw material for alcohol production, the wastewater (slops) after alcohol extraction has a Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) between 15,000 - 35,000 mg/L. This wastewater with temperatures of about 65 - 75°C can cause thermal disturbance and high organic loading to the receiving body of water, if not treated prior to discharge.
At AAC, this wastewater is treated using Anaerobic, Thermophillic Biodigestion and solid separation that reduces the BOD to about 900 mg/L or less and which reduces the temperature to about 55°C - and at the same time generates methane used for fuelling the Bioler. The Boiler generates steam for the Turbo-generator that gives power to the entire distillery plant.
According to Burton and Tchobanoglous (1991), disposal can be viewed as the first step in a very indirect and long-term reuse. In the case of AAC, treated wastewater disposal is by discharge into Guimaras Strait. AAC has complied with all the DENR standards, however despite of this, AAC continuously improves the existing Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP) operations. This study is focused on the possible effect of the discharged treated wastewater into the fishes in Guimaras Strait along the AAC costal area.
Statement of the Problem:
General Objective:
This research was conducted to evaluate the Impact of the Treated Wastewater on Aquatic Environment using Tilapia, Milk Fish and methanogenic bacteria as the bioassay organisms.
Specific Objectives:
Specifically, this study aimed to:
1. Establish the toxicity of the wastewater on aquatic life
2. Determine the effect of the wastewater on fish survival
3. Determine the effect of the wastewater on fish growth
4. Give recommendations on the potential use/ potential harm of the discharge of wastewater
Introduction and statement of the problem
2001-01-01T00:00:00ZMinimization of wastewater disposal in a sugar refinery
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/1527
Minimization of wastewater disposal in a sugar refinery
Pudadera, Rowena E.
Introduction
The refinery consumes big volume of water and releases big volume of wastewater everyday. It solely depends its supply of water from the nearby river. Because of large volume of water needed for its operation, the refinery is experiencing depletion of water source. During rainy season water is abundant, but during dry season water is very scarce. The management had constructed a dike to trap running water in the river. It also tried to tap ground water, but the ground water was salty and unfit for use.
The volume of wastewater disposed daily cause problems. First, there is overloading of wastewater treatment system. Second, the wastewater disposed daily has significant impact especially on the cost of pre-treatment before disposing to the river. Operational costs for pre-treatment such as power and chemicals were not given enough attention. Third, the neighboring farmers are complaining that the overflowed wastewater had affected the soil quality which resulted to lower rice production.
The researcher wishes to solve these problem through good operating practices and housekeeping. It is hoped that this will substantially reduce industrial wastewater, conserve water source, and eventually reduce production cost
Objectives of the Study
1. To minimize water usage through good operating practices and good housekeeping.
2. To recycle the wastewater at the decolorization station.
3. To evaluate a design of equipment to re-use effluent at wastewater treatment plant.
Introduction and statement of the problem
2001-01-01T00:00:00ZCommunity-based rapid biodigestion: An experiment on garbage technology
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/1526
Community-based rapid biodigestion: An experiment on garbage technology
Pelor, Rico T.
General Objectives
This study seeks to formulate and package an effective urban waste biodigestion technology applicable to the urban poor in Bacolod City.
Specific Objectives
Specifically, the study aims to:
1. Identify urban waste applicable to composting
2. Develop a rapid composting technology applicable to urban waste in Bacolod City
3. Find the correlation of the rate of decomposition with % moisture, C: N ratio, temperature and oxygen content of compost.
4. Test the technical viability of compost making through rapid decomposition of urban waste.
5. Package an information technology for compost production in Bacolod City.
Introduction and objectives
2001-01-01T00:00:00ZA documentation of the quality system of a fire-extinguisher manufacturing firm
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12852/1512
A documentation of the quality system of a fire-extinguisher manufacturing firm
Luis, Naomi Cossette R.
Introduction
The Bureau of Product Standards (BPS), which is an attached agency of the Department of Trade and Industry, classifies fire extinguishers as products covered by mandatory standards. Products covered by mandatory standards are those products which, when used, may affect the life, health and property of the consumer. The specifications for products covered by mandatory standards are contained in the series of Philippine National Standards issued by the BPS.
The manufacture and refilling of fire extinguishers is regulated by licensing requirements in accordance with PD 1185, otherwise known as the Fire Code of the Philippines. Considering the importance of its use, a prerequisite requirement for its sale is the issuance of the Philippine Standard (PS) Quality Certification Mark by the Bureau of Product Standards (BPS). The Manufacturers then affix PS mark stickers on the cylinders to show that they have complied with the requirements of the standard.
As the relationship between manufacturers and suppliers transcends national barriers, quality awareness has heightened. The entry of imported goods brought about by trade liberalization has provided consumers with a wide array of products and services to choose from. Customers have become more discerning and have become more particular that they get their money’s worth.
In order to enhance the competitiveness of the local manufacturers, the BPS required the manufacturers to align their system to the ISO 9000 standards. Acknowledged in an increasing number of countries, the ISO 9000 series of standards is perceived as a way to equalize the market inasmuch as systems certified for compliance to the standards achieve equivalent levels of recognition.
The adoption of the standards by local manufacturers pose a number of problems. First, the local companies are usually run as a single proprietorship and the owners cannot afford to spare employees to concentrate on the documentation procedure. Second, although the ISO 9000 have been familiar to industries outside the province, the local firms have not been exposed to such. Thus, to allow for a smooth transition, they have been initially required to align their system to that of the ISO 9000 series of standards.
Statement of the problem
The fire extinguisher manufacturing process is straightforward and simple and does not require specialized technical knowledge. In most cases, the managers and technicians learn the process by experience. While educational background may not pose a hindrance when manufacturing fire extinguishers, the same causes difficulty when setting up quality systems. For one, English is not the primary language of the users; and the ISO 9000 series of standards is available only in English. Moreover, the author has noted from experience that even people with technical education and experience need enough time to understand the provisions of the ISO 9002 standards.
Local, small-scale firms are not adequately prepared to document their quality systems according to the requirements of the ISO 9002 standards.
Introduction and statement of the problem
2001-01-01T00:00:00Z